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Friday, February 26, 2021

Vibhuti of Jharkhand: Jharkhand History- JPSC

Vibhuti of Jharkhand

Vibhuti of Jharkhand

Fig: Vibhuti of Jharkhand

1. DIVA SOREN-KISUN SOREN 

Diva Soren: He was born in 1820 AD at Matkomdeda village under Rajnagar police station of the district of Singhbhum. His father's name was Devi Soren.

Kishun Soren: He was born in Gumidpur in the Rajnagar police station area.

Diva Soren and Kishun Soren were maternal brothers. Their Guru name was Raghunath Bhuiyan. After Raja (Kunwar) Abhiram Singh of Podhat accepted the independence of the British, atrocities and exploitation of Adivasis and Sedans living in that area increased more rapidly.

Rebellion Work (1872):
  • People inhabiting the area began to collect under the leadership of Diva-Kisun to revolt against the exploitation and atrocities.
  • Diva-Kisun organized several public meetings in Dando.
  • They inspired the people against King Abhiram Singh of Phodat and the British administration. 
  • People of all religions organized and participated in this rebellion. The rebellion had its impact in all areas of Phodat.
  • This rebellion lasted for a long time, but in the tempt of money the local people informed the British administration about Diva-Kisun hiding in the mountain.
  • Diva-Kisun was arrested by the British administration and soldiers of Raja Abhiram Singh and hanged in Saraikela jail.


2. RANI SARBESHWARI (Suryavanshi dynasty)
  • Rani Sarbeshwari (wife/widow of Raja Gurjan Singh) of Maheshpur Raj (Santhal Pargana) opposed the British government's construction. 
Reason: 
  • British contractors of the company government without permission to prepare the fields and bring the Santhals from the Chotanagpur area.
  • Rani was arrested and locked in Bhagalpur jail, where he was hanged on 6 May 1807 AD.


3. ARJUN SINGH
  • During the rebellion of 1857 AD, this king of Porhat gave shelter to the rebel soldiers, which was opposed by the British Captain Henry Brush. The conflict between the two continued until 1859.
  • Finally, Arjun Singh had to surrender in front of Commissioner Edward Tuite Dalton.
  • He was jailed in Benaras, where he died in 1870.


4. GAYA MUNDA
  • He had been active since the time of the Sardari Movement. 
  • He was born in Atkediha village of Murhu block in Khunti district. 
  • When the Abua Dishum movement started under the leadership of Birsa Munda, he became the commander of Birsa Munda. 
  • On 6th January 1900, he was arrested from his village and lodged in Ranchi Jail, where he was hanged. 


5. BHUSHAN SINGH
  • Chero ruled in Palamu and he belongs to this Chero tribe.
  • King Medini became the most famous king of this dynasty.
  • Another king Chudaman Rai was king in his own lineage around 1800. He was unfit. Due to the support of the British, his governance was going on.
  • The people led a revolt against the king in Palamu and this Revolt was initiated by Bhushan Singh. From Palamu to Sarguja the flames of revolt continued to rise. They fought for two years with the British.
  • In 1802, Bhushan Singh was caught and the British hanged him.


6. SINGGI DAI & KYLIE DAI
  • In the Agnayya language in Jharkhand, 'Dai '= sister.
  • About 400 years, during the Mughal time two women of the Oraon community started the war against them. As Mughals had invaded Rohatashgarh fort thrice.
  • In this war, women showed leadership by bravely facing enemies.
  • 'Jani Shikhar' is organized every 12 years in memory of this war.


7. ALBERT EKKA
  • He was the hero of the 'Brigade of the Guards' of the Army.
  • He was martyred while threatening the enemy attack in the 1971 Indo-Pak war.
  • The Government of India posthumously awarded the highest military honor 'Paramveer Chakra' to him.
  • He was born on 27th December 1942 in a tribal Christian community in the village of Gumla district.

 
8. FATHER HOFFMAN (1857- 1928)
  • He was a priest of German origin.
  • He did many important things for the tribes. He had launched a 'Cooperative Lending Society' to liberate the tribe from the clutches of moneylenders.
  • Books wrote: 'Munda Grammar' and 'Encyclopaedia Mundarika'-16 volume'


9. SHARAD CHANDRA RAI
  • He is known to be India's first anthropologist.
  • He had supported the creation of 'Ranchi District Gazetteer (1917), and established an institution called 'Man in India'.
  • Books wrote: 'Birhor', 'Munda and his community', 'Oraon'.


10. SAKHARAM GANESH DEVSKAR
  • He became famous due to his revolutionary writing and journalism.
  • He was a significant contributor in starting the Swadeshi movement in 1905.
  • He died in 1913 in Karaon village near Deoghar.
  • Editor: 'Hitwad' magazine.
  • Books wrote: 'Desher Katha', 'Tilkare Mukadma', 'Etah Kon Jug'.


11. RADHA KRISHNA
  • He was a famous author of Jharkhand.
  • He wrote Hindi comedy-satire (mockery) with the surname Ghosh-Bose-Banerjee-Chatterjee.
  • Editor: magazine 'Adivasi' from 1947- 1970.
  • Apart from Hindi he also used to write in the Nagpuri language.

 
12. PANDIT RAGHUNATH MURMU
  • In 1941, he prepared the script Santali Ol Chiki. 
  • Since then, the folk literature and other compositions of the Santali language started being written in Ol Chiki script.
  • He was consulted with the title Pandit for his significant contribution. 


13. Dr. CAMILLE BULCKE
  • He did his Ph.D. from Allahabad University on 'Ramakantha Origin and Development'.
  • The title of the English-Hindi dictionary prepared by him became quite popular.
  • Award: 'Padma Bhushan' by the Government of India, 'Radha Krishna Award' for Sahitya Seva. 


14. DR. DINESHWAR PRASAD
  • He was a critical writer who wrote on the folk culture of Jharkhand and has published many books on folk culture
  • Books wrote: 'Folk Literature and Culture' and 'On Mundari Poetry'.
  • Together with Dr. Camil Bulcke, he prepared the English-Hindi dictionary.
 

15. DR. KUMAR SURESH SINGH
  • He produced many books on various movements in Jharkhand.
  • Famous Books: 'Birsa Munda and his Movement'.
  • He had made a significant contribution to the establishment of the tribal and regional language department.
  •  His contribution as the President of the Anthropological Survey of India, the Vice-Chancellor of Ranchi University, and the Commissioner of Chotanagpur Commissionerate was admirable.
  • Books wrote: 'Colonial transformation of tribal society in middle India', 'Famine in India', 'The People of India'.


16. SUKHDEV NARAYAN SINGH DEV
  • He was a famous dancer and dance director of the Saraikela style of Chhau dance.
  • He contributed significantly to making the Chhau dance globally famous.
  • He was also honored by the Sangeet Kala Academy.


17. P.N. BOSE
  • He was the geologist of India.
  • Based on his research findings, Jamshedpur Tata established the Iron manufacturing company, 'TISCO' in Sakchi in 1907.
  • It was he who first discovered the Guru Maheshani Loha Khan of Mayurbhanj.


18. BALAKRISHNA SAHAY
  • He was a famous social reformer journalist and writer in the 20th century.
  • He had written for Jharkhand's first weekly 'Aryavarta' which was published from Ranchi from 1898 to 1905.


19. KEDARNATH SAHU
  • He was the world-famous choreographer of Chhau dance.
  • 'Padmashree' award from Government of India.


20. NAGARMAL MODI
  • He was a famous freedom fighter and social reformer.
  • He was one of the initiators of the Swadeshi Movement in Jharkhand.
  • He was the first person to spread modern education in Marwari society.
  • He established several institutions for the Welfare of child widows.


21. YADUGOPAL MUKHERJEE
  • He was a prominent leader of the revolutionary organization of 'Yugantar Samiti' and a famous freedom fighter.
  • Sharad Chandra had written a novel based on his revolutionary personality and work.


22. GANGA PRASAD BUDHIA
  • He continued to work throughout his life for the establishment and development of socio-cultural-related educational institutions. Due to this work, he was identified as the conductor of the Indian educational institution.


23. JAGDISH TRIGUNAYAT


24. SHANTI NAVRANGI
  • He was famous literature of the Nagpuri language.
  • Books wrote: 'Nagpuri Grammar', 'History of Nagpuri languages literature'.


25. THEBLE ORAON
  • Sarna tribals leader and freedom fighter.
  • He established the Unnati Samaj (1915) and Kisan Sabha (1929).
  • He did many things to protect the tribal from becoming Christian.


26. CHETAN JOSHI
  • He was a famous muralist.
  • He accorded with the 'Surmani' and 'Bismillah Samman'.


27. RAM NARAYAN SINGH
  • He was known as Chotanagpur Kesari and was a pioneer leader during the Independent movement. 
  • He was the first tribal leader to submit a memorandum to the President of India for the establishment of the state of Jharkhand in 1954.


28. NARAYAN JI
  • He was a famous freedom fighter to promote and proclaim the creative ideas of Mahatma Gandhi among the tribe.
  • He did important work in the 'Primitive Caste Service Board'
  • He was the editor of a letter called 'Gram Nirman'. 


29. MOTILAL KEJRIWAL
  • He was a famous freedom fighter during the non-cooperation movement.
  • He was very active with his wife Mahadevi Kejriwal to fight for the freedom of the country
  • He was also the editor of the magazine 'Nirman' and 'Gandhi Sandesh'. 


30. PRAFULLA CHANDRA PATNAIK
  • He was a famous revolutionary leader and literature.
  • He organized the Santhal and Pahadiya people to carry out an armed revolution against the British government.
  • The British government issued an order to shoot him at the site if seeing.


31. MUKUTADHARI SINGH
  • He was a freedom fighter journalist and labor leader.
  • He raised the problems of coal workers prominently during the independence movement
  • He edited a weekly magazine, 'Yugantar', and it was released.
  • He had to spend years in prison for opposing Indira Gandhi's emergency in the Yugantar magazine.


32. HVALDHARI RAM GUPTA 'HALADHAR'
  • He was famous literature and early storyteller of Jharkhand.
  • He was the founder president of the 'Palamu Hindi Sahitya Sammelan'.
  • Many things related to social reforms were done by him in Vaishya society.
  • Books wrote: 'The history of Palamu'.


33. VINOD ANAND JHA
  • He was a famous freedom fighter and the first from Jharkhand to become the Chief Minister of Bihar (1961- 1963).
  • During the National freedom movement, he contributed significantly to the establishment of 'Hindi Vidyapith' in Deoghar (1929).


34. KRISHNA VALLABH SAHAY
  • He was a famous freedom fighter, journalist, and second from Jharkhand to become Chief Minister of Bihar (1963- 1967).
  • In 1948, he played an important role in organizing the Ramgarh session of the Congress during the Independence movement.
  • Editor: weekly magazine- 'Chotanagpur Sandesh' from Hazaribagh.


35. SISTER NIRMALA
  • Born- 23rd July 1934 in Ranchi in a Brahmin family.
  • She was an important figure in the state.
  • She became the head of Missionaries of Charity (M.C.) after the death of Mother Teresa and continued to serve the help, helpless people.
  • 2009- awarded with the 'Padma Vibhushan' by Government of India.
  • Died- June 23rd, 2015.


36. SARASWATI DEVI
  • She was a famous freedom fighter.
  • She got active support from the masses in the eradication of the Parda Parda system, Child marriage, etc.
  • She was the first woman from Hazaribagh to go to jail.  


37. MAHENDRA SINGH DHONI
  • Born- 7th July 1981 (Ranchi)
  • He is the most successful captain of the Indian cricket team.
  • He has been honored with the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award (2007), the Padma Shri (2009), the Padma Bhushan (2018) for his contribution to Indian Cricket.


38. SAVITRI PURTY
  • An International Women hockey player.
  • She succeeded in many tournaments and became the captain of the Indian Womens' Hockey team.


39. SIMON ORAON
  • Born- Khaksi toli, Bero Block (Ranchi)
  • Known as- Parha Raja (1964), Waterman, Simon Baba, Environmentalist & water Conservationist, Social worker.
  • Awards- Padma Shri (2016), PM Rural Development Fellow.
  • Slogan- 'If you want to become a man then work hard from plants to land'.
  • He built the first dam for irrigation with the help of villages. 
  • He built the first dam through indigenous technique after this the dams at Deshbali and Jharia have constructed through which the fields of many villages get water for irrigation through the canal.


40. PANDIT MORMUKUT KEDIA & MANOJ KEDIA
  • They are internationally renowned Sarod & Sitar players.
  • They were born district of Giridih Jharkhand.
  • They had presented their art at the Global Investors Summit, 2017 held in Ranchi.


41. RAM DAYAL MUNDA
  • Born- 23rd August 1939 in the tribal village of Diuri, Ranchi. He was known as an Anthropologist, Scholar, Linguist, Folklorist, Music exponent, Acamedician, Agriculturist, Acamedician, Vice-Chancellor, MP of the upper house of Parliament, and icon of socialism.
  • He was the pioneer leader of the Jharkhand movement.
  • The tribal and regional language department of Ranchi University was his important achievement.
  • Dr. Munda, who elevated Jharkhandi art & culture worldwide, was honored with Sangeet Natak Academy (2007), Padma Shri (2010).
  • Books wrote: Adi Dharma=Religious beliefs of Adivasi of India, Ocean of Laughter, Adandi Bonga, Sosobonga, Baha Bonga (Sarhul Mantra), Adivasi Astitava aur Jharkhand Asmita Ke Sawal, etc.
  • Died- 30th September 2011


42. ASHOK BHAGAT (ASHOK RAI)
  • Born- Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh.
  • Known as- Babaji.
  • He is a social worker and the secretary of Vikas Bharti (Bhushunur, Gumla), an NGO working for the upliftment of the rural population of Jharkhand. He has done important work in the field of water management and the environment.
  • He was running the Bora Dam Scheme for water conservation which was quite famous in rural areas.
  • He is a nominated leader of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan campaign for the state of Jharkhand.


43. PITAMBER SOREN
  • Santali writer and cine actor Pitambar Soren and was a well-known face in tribal-dominated areas including Jharkhand, Bengal, and Bihar.
  • He received several awards at All India Santali Film Association (AISFA) and Raghunath Academy of Santali Cinema & Art (RASCA) film festival.
  • He won the Best Santhali Film Award in 2014.
  • Died- 1st August 2015.


44. PRADEEP CHANDRA SAHU & CHETNA SAHU
  • Pradeep Chandra Sahu, a former officer of Tata Steel Noamundi's Mines division, along with white Chetna Sahu, hoisted the tricolor on Mt. Everest on May 19, 2016, illuminating the name of the state.
  • Pradeep Chandra Sahu is also known by the nickname 'Pahad Chado Sahu'.


45. MUKUND NAYAK
  • Born- 15th October 1949 at Bokba, Kolabira block, Simdega, Jharkhand. He is a folk singer, songwriter, and dancer.
  • He belongs to a family of the Ghasi community, who are traditional musicians.
  • He won international recognition for remitting the folk dance jhumar in the field of art. He made folk dance Jhumar popular in Asia.
  • He went to many countries in Europe and Africa to promote this dance form.
  • 1985- he established an organization 'Kunjban' to promote Nagpuri culture, specially Nagpuri Jhumar.
  • Filmography: Sona kar Nagpur (1992), Baha (2009), Phulmania (2019).
  • Awards: Padma Shri (2017), Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (2019), and Sanskritik Samman by Kala Sanskriti Vibhag.


46. BALBIR DUTT
  • Born- 31st May 1935 (Rawalpindi, Punjab)
  • He is an eminent journalist and the founder-director & editor in chief of Hindi daily newspaper Deshpran.
  • He was educated in Rawalpindi Dehradun Ambala cantonment and Ranchi.
  • He studied journalism from Ranchi he was established many records in the field of literature and journalism.
  • Editor- 'Ranchi Express' in 1963, a weekly magazine 'Jai Matribhumi', and a daily 'Deshpran'.
  • Guest Lecture- Ranchi University for 25 years.
  • Books wrote- 'Kahani Jharkhand Andolan Ki', 'Safarnama Pakistan', 'Jaipal Singh: Ek Romanchak Ankahi Kahani', 'Emergency ka Kahar & Censor ka Zahar'.
  • Awards- Padma Shri (2017), Lifetime Achievement Award, Mahanayak Sharda Samman, Rashtriya Patrakarita Purashkar.
 


























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