Thursday, February 25, 2021
Jharkhand Arthvyavastha Gk Question Answer Class- 17
Jharkhand Ki Arthvyavastha Gk Question Answer Class-16
Jharkhand Ki Arthvyavastha Gk Question Answer Class-16
Folk Dances of Jharkhand - JPSC/ JSSC
FOLK DANCES OF JHARKHAND
Folk dances of Jharkhand represent its vibrant culture and tradition. There is a various folk dance in the State of Jharkhand which is performed during harvest season, festival, and social gatherings.Some folk dance and tribal dances in Jharkhand are Bheja dance, Chhau dance, Jhumar dance, Paika dance, Phagua dance, Santhal dance, Sarhul dance, Domkach, Ghora naach, Karam dance, Barao.
FOLK DANCE & THEIR FORMS
DANCE |
HOW TO PERFORM |
Bheja dance |
During a performance, they form a chain by clumping the hands of one another. Melodious traditional songs & music are the major accomplishments of this dancer in alternative succession. |
Chhau dance |
This dance is performed in an open space or a ground field generally at night time. Since the characters in the dance depict various Gods. The dancers maintain sacredness & sanctity by taking a bath and doing pooja before a performance. The dancing area is surrounded by the fire poles called the Mashaals, for the sake of lighting in the dark. But, in some of the advanced parts of the state, electrical lamps & light have started replacing the fire poles. A huge colorful mask called Chhau mask made of paper mache is worn by the dancers and the dance is generally in the form of Nritya Natika. Mythological stories from the Ramayana & Mahabharata are enacted accompanied by traditional instruments like Nagara drums, flute, etc. |
Jhumar dance |
It is a popular folk dance and performed by Sadan any time, especially during weddings, harvest season, melas, festivals, or some other important functions & celebrations. This dance is generally performed in a circle. The dancers wear very colorful costumes. Musical instruments used are Mandar, Dhol, Nagara, Dhak, Bansi Shahnai. |
Fagua dance |
This is performed by both men & women during the festival of Fagua. During the performance, the dancers throw colored water on each other. Musical instruments used are Mandar, Dhol, and Bansi. |
Paika/ Painaki dance |
It is a famous dance form of Odisha which is practiced by the paikas of the Oriya army. The tradition of this dance is carried throughout the huge area of the tribal belt of the Mayurbhanj district. But, in Jharkhand, it is generally performed by the Munda community. It is a ceremonial martial dance. The main target of this dance is to enhance physical excitement and to develop inner courage. It depicts the various steps in the preparation of war. To protect themselves the dancers wear headgear and safety chest plates (shield) with bells on their anklets (ghunghroo). They wear colorful robes and carry a sword in one hand and a shield in the other. This dance is generally performed to welcome guests during important functions. Musical instruments used are Nagara drums, Shehnai, Narsingha, Bheir. |
Santhal dance |
Santhal tribes have their own unique dance. This dance was performed by the Santhal tribes during all special festivals, occasions, and harvest seasons. The dance form does not only reveal the culture or traditions of the local tribes but also showcases the strength of unity. The main attraction is the colorful costumes worn by the tribal people. Musical instruments used are Madal and Nagara. |
Sarhul dance |
It is worshipping of the village deity, which protects and supports the tribe. There are dancing and singing in the whole region accompanied by drinks, snacks and a variety of food. |
Hunta dance |
The hunting dance of Santhal who lives in the hilly plateaus of the Chotanagpur region and Santhal Parganas of Jharkhand. The dance is performed on the festival and special occasions showcasing their strength of unity & pride. This powerful dance requires a lot of strength & vigor and is performed only by men. The dancers wear colorful costumes of dhoti & turban and decorate their bodies with various species of flora. They design their clothes and use branches, leaves, and flowers along with their clothes as the Santhal are said to be close to nature. The dance depicts the act of preparing for the hunt with bows & arrows, stalking animals, and finally killing them. Mime, slow strong stepping, and measured movements are the distinctive features of this ancient tribal dance. |
Karam dance |
This dance is derived from a sacred tree named Kadamba which is believed to being prosperity and good luck to the people and depicts the celebration of the planting of the tree. It is performed during the Kadamb (Karam) festival in the month of August. This is one of the few dances in which women too are allowed to participate. The dancers form a circle and dance with their hands on each other's waists while passing on a branch of the tree to each other. After one complete circle of passing the Karma branch, it is washed with rice & milk. The branch is not allowed to touch the earth after these rituals and it is once again raised between the dancers. |
Oraon Dance (Barao) |
This dance is performed by the Oraon community generally in the month of Baisakh (April-May) in an Akhada or a performing area. Prayers are offered to Mother Earth for a good monsoon so that a rich harvest may be secured. |
Jhitka & Danga |
This dance is performed by men & women and the headgear & costumes worn are similar to those of the Paika dance. This dance expresses happiness & joy and celebrates different feudal traditions. |
Lahasuya |
This dance is generally performed by men and women especially when there is a drought. It is accompanied by the Dhol, Bansi, Madol, or Tumdak the double-sided barrel drum. |
Domkach |
This is a traditional dance performed by the women in the bridegroom's house when the 'Baraat' party has gone to the bride's house. Through satiric songs, they crack jokes while moving in circles. |
Ghora naach |
This dance is performed by men during wedding ceremonies wearing loose horse puppets around their waists and they dance to the rhythmic beats of the folk instruments. |
Mundari dance (Jadur & Jena) |
|
Kurukh dance (Dandi) |
Kurukh tribe perform folk dances during different occasions such as harvesting, festivals, marriage, etc. In Kurukh, language dance is called 'Dandi'. Some folk dances are Jagra Matha, Jadur, Karam dandi, Khaddi, Dudhiya, etc. |
Mardani Jhumar |
|
Jharkhand First Person - JPSC/ JSSC
JHARKHAND FIRST PERSON
TERM |
PERSON OR RELATED |
First Governor of Jharkhand |
Prabhat Kumar |
First Chief Minister |
Babulal Marandi |
Madhu Koda |
|
Inder Singh Namdhari |
|
First Protem Speaker of Jharkhand |
Visheshwar Khan |
First Assembly Deputy Speaker |
Bagun Sumbrai |
Leader of the first opposition of Jharkhand Assembly |
Stephen Marandi |
First female Cabinet Minister |
Joba Manjhi |
First Chief Justice of Jharkhand High Court |
Vinod Kumar Gupta |
First Solicitor General of Jharkhand |
Mangalmayee Banerjee |
First Director-General of Police |
Shivaji Mahan Kere |
Vijay Shankar Dey |
|
Lakshman Oraon |
|
Laxmi Singh |
|
Draupadi Murmu |
|
First Paramveer Chakra receiver |
Albert Ekka |
First Ashoka Chakra receiver |
Randhir Prasad Verma |
Nikki Pradhan |
|
Captain of Indian Cricket Team from Jharkhand |
Mahendra Singh Dhoni |
First female International Umpire |
Ashrita Lakra |
Raghubar Das |
|
First Power-House of Jharkhand |
Tilaiya |
Ranchi University |
|
St. Columba's College Hazaribagh |
|
Ghar Bandhan |
|
First English Daily Newspaper |
Delhi Press |
First Santhali Film |
Chando Likhon |
First President of Jharkhand Public Service Commission |
|
Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi (RIMS) |
|
Savitri Purti |
|
Wednesday, February 24, 2021
Jharkhand Pre- History - JPSC/JSSC
Jharkhand Pre- History
Name: The word 'Jharkhand' is formed by the addition of two words. The first-word being, 'Jhar'= forest, and the second word being 'Khand'= part of the land. Hence, the literal meaning of Jharkhand is the forest land or forest state.
- The first reference of the Jharkhand region is found in the Aitreya Brahmana where it is referred to as 'Panda' or 'Pundra'.
- In 'Digvijay Parva' Mahabharata, this region is called 'Pundarile Desh'. In this book, it is called 'Pashu-Bhumi', 'Karkkand' or 'Arkkhand'.
- Ptolemy has addressed Jharkhand regions with the word 'Mundal'.
- Huein- Tsang addressed the Rajmahal region as Ke- Lo NA. SU-FA-LA-NA and KARN- SUVARN Rajmahal hills is called as Damin-e-Koh in the Allahabad inscriptions of Samudra Gupta. Jharkhand has been called 'Murund' country.
- During the East India Company's period (1765- 1834), this region was known by the name Nagpur or Chota Nagpur.
- After the establishment of the SW Frontier agency in 1883, the headquarter of the agency came to be known by the name 'Wilkins Ganj' or 'Kishunpur'. Later this came to be known as 'Ranchi'.
- The reason for Santhal Pargana in the ancient period was known by the name 'Narikhand', and later by the name 'Kankjol'.
- In Bhagwat Puran, Jharkhand is known by the name 'Kikkat Pradesh'.
- In Early medieval Sanskrit literature, Chhota Nagpur has been called 'Kalind Desh'.
- The earliest reference of the word Jharkhand comes from a 13th-century copper plate inscription.
- In the Mughal period, the Jharkhand region was known by the name 'Khukra or Kukra'.
- In Ain-E-Akbari this reason has been called 'Kokra' and Khankarah.
- In Tuzuk-E-Jahangiri Jharkhand is mentioned as Khokhra.
- In Abu Fazal's Akbarnama Chota Nagpur region is mentioned as 'Jharkhand'.
- The reference to the word 'Jharkhand' is found in the writing of Shoms-E-Ajij, Salimullah, and Gulam Hussain.
- The word Jharkhand has also been referred to in the couplet of Kabir Das Malik Muhammad Jayasi's Padmavat.
- Chhota Nagpur and Rajmahal have been described by many foreign Travellers such as Yuan Chwang (China), Abdul Latif (Iran), Babahani (Iran), Bishop Heber, etc.
ARCHEOLOGY
- The earliest remains found from Jharkhand belong to the early Paleolithic period. Among these remains, the important is a stone ax, blade, scrapper burin (lithic flake).
- Sach remains have been found from the excavation in Singhbhum, Ranchi Hazaribagh, Santhal Pargana, Palamu, etc.
- The remains of the middle paleolithic have been found from Singhbhum, Ranchi, Santhal Pargana. In these very places, the remains of the later Paleolithic period are also found. These are made of small places of stone.
- The remains of the Mesolithic period have been found from Ranchi, Singhbhum, Palamu.
- In places like Barkagaon, Mandu, Rajrappa, etc. in the district of Hazaribagh and Ramgarh, archaeological excavation has yielded stone tools. Important among these are axes, scrapers, blade burin, etc.
- In the place named 'Isko' in the Hazaribagh district. Painting made by the primitive man, a large open Sun temple (Suraj-Kund), cave, etc. is found.
- In the painting gallery of 'Isko', there are many paintings of a spaceship, space-man, constellation, etc. Apart from these, a Labyrinth kind of structure has also been found.
- The remains of a Buddhist monastery have been found in the 'Seetagadha' mountain of Hazaribagh. This belongs to the sixth century A.D.
- Most of the sample of Archaeological importance found from Seetagadha is made of grey sandstone. Among these, a stupa with four images, an image of a Yakshini carved on a stone facade, and an image of the woman made of grey sandstone are of great significance.
- The 'Asthadal' used as the Emblem of the Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag is a replica of an 'asthadal' made of red sandstone found from Seetagadha.
- Excavation of various places in the Palamu division has yielded stone tools belonging to the early, middle, and later Paleolithic, as well as the Neolithic period. Among these axes, scrapper, and blade are important.
- Near Bhawnathpur in Garhwa district, rare stone painting and natural caves belonging to the Prehistorical period has been found. In this cave, there are paintings of hunting scene animals like their buffalo have been painted.
- In a place called Barudih in the Singhbhum district pieces of pottery, pots, stone hammer, etc., belonging to the stone age have been found pieces of handmade pottery, ring stone, beads, ax, etc. have been found at a place called Bongara in the Singhbhum district.
- At Banaghat near Bongara, five stone axes, a ring stone, a pallet of Terracotta, and pieces of black pottery have been found.
- In Indian archaeology, the word 'Asur' has been used for historical identification of many places in districts of Ranchi, Gumla, and Lohardaga. A cup made of bronze has been found from Lohardaga. At Mandu, a brick wall, mud pot, and copper tools have been found. The four-legged stone platform found at Mandu is currently kept in the Patna museum.
- A copper Chain and a bronze ring have been found from Murad.
- Lupangdih has shreds of evidence or early cemetery. Places like Jurdag, Parsadhik, Jojda, Chipdi, etc. have implement belonging to the lower and upper Paleolithic period. Parsadhik has also yielded implements of the middle Paleolithic period.
- Places like Konokol, Saradkel, Bhallaungri, etc have yielded implements of the lower Paleolithic period.
- From Benusagar in Singhbhum district Jain status belonging to the 17th century AD has been discovered.
- At a place called Dudhpani in Hazaribagh district, an inscription of 8th century AD has been found.
- Archaeological investigations have yielded evidence of habitation of the primitive man in the hill reasons of Jharkhand.
- A deep underground cave of ice age has been found in Isko village in Hazaribagh.
- Atwi tribe of Jharkhand was described in the rock inscription of Chandra Gupta Maurya.
- Chhota Nagpur has been mentioned in the rock inscription of King Ashoka.
IMPORTANT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES OF JHARKHAND
Hazaribagh/ Ramgarh |
Palamu/ Garhwa |
Singhbhum |
Isko |
Shahpur |
Lota Pahar |
Sat Pahar |
Amanat Pool |
Chakradharpur |
Saraiya |
Durgawati Pool |
Tebo |
Raham |
Bagna |
Isadih |
Loga |
Ranka Kala |
Barudh |
Kusumgardh |
Veer Bandh |
Purnapani |
Badkagaon |
Chandra Pur |
Dungdugi |
Baansgardh |
Jhabar |
Soranga |
Rajrappa |
Maila Pur |
Neemdih |