NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Geography Social Science Chapter 7 Our Country - India

CHAPTER - 7 OUR COUNTRY - INDIA

NCERT Chapter Summary and Solutions For Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 7- Our Country - India 

Peninsula - The Peninsula is a piece of land that is surrounded by water on three sides.

Geographical Extent of India:-

• India has an area of about 3.28 million square km or (1,269,219 sq mi).
• The North-South (NS) extent from Kashmir ---> Kanyakumari is about 3,200 km.
• The East-West (EW) extent from Arunachal Pradesh ---> Kuchchh is about 2,900 km.
• The lofty mountains, the Great Indian Desert (Thar), the Northern Plains, the uneven plateau surface and the coasts and islands present a diversity of landforms.
• There is a great variety of climates, vegetation, and wildlife as well as language and the culture.
• Current population = 1,380, 004, 385 (as of July 2020), which is equivalent to 17.7% of the total world population.
• It is the second populous country in the world after China.

Location Extent of India:-

• India is located in the Northern Hemisphere.
• The Tropic of Cancer (23° 30′ N) passes almost halfway through the country. States are Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, and Mizoram. 
• From South-North (SN), the mainland of India extends between 8° 4′ N and 37° 6′ N latitudes.
• From East-West (EW), it extends between 68° 7′ E and 97° 25′ E longitudes.
• Due to the great longitudinal extent of about 29°, there could be a wide difference in the local time of places located at two extreme points of India. As such differences between these points would be of about two hours. (Local time changes by 4 min. for every 1° of longitude.)
• In the East (Arunachal Pradesh), the sun rises about 2 hours earlier than in the West (Gujarat).
• Local time of longitude of 82°30' E has been taken as the Indian Stranded Time. This meridian or longitude is also known as Standard Meridian of India. 

   

Fig. Geographical and Location Extent of India.

India's Neighbours:-

• India has land borders of 15,106 km and a coastline border of 7,516 km.
• Seven countries - Pakistan, Afganistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar that share land boundaries with India.
• Two countries - Sri Lanka, Maldives, these are Island neighbors.
• Sri Lanka is separated from India by Palk Strait between Dhanuskodi of Pamban Island (Tamilnadu) and Jaffna district of Sri Lanka.

Political and Administrative Division of India:-

• India is divided into 28 states and 8 Union Territories.
• The formation of the state has been made based on language.
• These states are further divided into districts.
• Capital - New Delhi
• Largest state - Rajasthan
• Smallest state - Goa

Fig. Political Map of India.

Physical Division of India:-

1. Himalaya:-

• India has a diverse physical feature, such as mountains, plateau, plains, coast, and islands.
• The Himalaya- Him + Alaya = "the abode of snow"
• The mountains are divided into three main parallel ranges.
• 1.) The Great Himalayas or Himadri - the northernmost highest mountain range. The world's highest peaks (Mount Everest, K2) are located in this range.
• 2.) Middle Himalayas or Himachal - it lies to the south of Himadri. Many popular hill stations are situated here. E.g. Shimla, Nanital, Dalhousie, Manali, Darjeeling.
• 3.) The Shivalik - the southernmost range.

2. The Northern Plains:-

• They lie to the south of the Himalayas.
• They are usually level and flat and, the plains are formed by the alluvial deposits laid down by the rivers - the Indus, the Ganga, the Brahmaputra, and their tributaries.
• These are fertile regions and are suitable for cultivation. That is the reason for the high concentration of the population lives in these plains.

3. The Great Indian Desert:-

• It is situated in the western part of the country.
• It is a dry, hot, sandy stretch of land.
• Rainfall is very poor, hence very little vegetation is found here.

4. The Peninsular Plateau:

• It is triangular in shape.
• It lies to the south of northern plains.
• Its relief is highly uneven.
• Numerous hill ranges and valleys are found here.
• Ranges - Aravali hills, the Vindhyas, and the Satpura.
• Rivers - West flowing rivers Narmada, and Tapi flow through these ranges, and fall into the Arabian sea.
• On the west of the plateau lie the Western Ghats (Sahyadri), which is continuous.
• On the east of the plateau lie the Eastern Ghats, which is broken and uneven.
• The plateau is rich in minerals like Coal, Iron ore and Manganese.

5. Coastal Plains:-

• They lie to the West of the Western Ghats and East of the Eastern Ghats.
• The western coastal plains are narrow while eastern coastal plains are much broader. There are numbers of east following rivers.
• Rivers - Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri (all east following rivers) fall into the Bay of Bengal, which forms the fertile delta at their mouth.
• The Sunderban delta - is formed by where the Ganga and Brahmaputra flow into the Bay of Bengal.

6. Islands:- 

• Any area of land which is smaller than a continent and entirely surrounded by water.
• Lakshadweep island (Coral island), near the coast of Kerala located in the Arabian Sea.
• Andaman & Nicobar islands lie to the south-east of the mainland in the Bay of Bengal.

Fig. Physical Map of India.

NCERT Exercises

Q1. Answer the following questions briefly.

(a) Name the major physical division of India.

Ans. The major physical division of India:-

        1.) The Himalayas

        2.) The Northern Indian Plains

        3.) The Great Indian Desert

        4.) The Peninsular Plateau

        5.) Coastal Plains

        6.) Islands

(b) India shares its land boundaries with seven countries. Name them.

Ans. Pakistan, Afganistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar.

(c) Which two major rivers fall into the Arabian Sea?

Ans. The Narmada and Tapi River.

(d) Name the delta formed by the Ganga and Brahmaputra?

Ans. The Sunderbans delta (world's largest delta)

(e) How many states and union territories are there in India? Which states have a common capital?

Ans. India has 28 States and 8 Union Territories. 

      - Punjab and Haryana have a common capital, ie. Chandigarh.

(f) Why do a large number of people live in the Northern Plain?

Ans. The Northern Plains flat and level land, having alluvial deposits which are laid down by the rivers, such as the Indus (Sindhu), the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra.

      - These river plains provide fertile land for cultivation. Hence, a large population prefers to live in.

(g) Why Lakshadweep is known as coral islands?

Ans. Lakshadweep is made up of coral reefs which are the skeleton of tiny marine animals called Polyps.

Q2.Tick the correct answer.

(a) The southernmost Himalayas are known as

      (i) Shivalik (ii) Himadri (iii) Himachal

(b) Sahyadris is also known as

      (i) Aravali (ii) Western Ghats (iii) Himadri

(c) The Palk strait lies between the countries

      (i) Sri Lanks & Maldives (ii) India & Sri Lanka (iii) India & Maldives

(d) The Indian islands in the Arabian Seas are known as

      (i) Andaman & Nicobar Island  (ii) Lakshadweep (iii) Maldives

(e) The oldest mountain range in India is

     (i) Aravali hills (ii) Western Ghats (iii) Himalayas

Ans. (a) - (i) Shivalik

        (b) - (ii) Westen Ghats

        (c) - (ii) India & Sri Lanka

        (d) - (ii) Lakshadweep

        (e) -  (i) Aravali hills

Q3. Fill in the blanks.

(a) India has an area of about __________.

(b) The Greater Himalayas are also known as __________.

(c) The largest state in India in terms of area is ___________.

(d) The river Narmada falls into the __________.

(e) The latitude that runs almost halfway through the India is __________.

Ans. (a) 3.28 million square km.

        (b) Himadri

        (c) Rajasthan

        (d) Arabian Sea

        (e) Tropic of Cancer (23° 30′ N) 

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Jharkhand ke Swatantrata Senani (झारखण्ड के स्वतंत्रता सेनानी)

झारखण्ड के स्वतंत्रता सेनानी

तिलका मांझी  (1750-1785 ई0)

💨तिलका मांझी का जन्म 11 फरवरी 1750 को सुल्तानगंज थाना,तिलकपुर गाँव के एक संथाल परिवार   (गोत्र -मुर्मू ) में हुआ था ।

💨भारतीय स्वाधीनता संग्राम  पहले शहीद थे ।

💨अंग्रेजों  शासन के  विरुद्ध विद्रोह का आरंभ 1771 से 1784 तक संघर्ष किये ।

💨अपने अनुयायियों को सन्देश भेजने के लिए माध्यम साल के पत्ता का प्रयोग करते थे ।

💨वीर स्वंत्रता सेनानी को 1785 ई0 में गिरफ्तार कर लिए गया और फाँसी  दी गयी,भागलपुर में बरगद के पेड़ पर,अब बाबा तिलका मांझी चौक के नाम से प्रसिद्ध हैं 

बिरसा मुंडा (1875 -1900 ई0)

💨बिरसा मुंडा का जन्म 15 नवम्बर 1875 ईस्वी को रांची जिले के खूटी अनुमंडल तमाड़ थाना के उलिहातु गाँव में हुआ था ।

💨उसने एक नए पंथ की शुरूआत की बिरसाइत पंथ ।

💨छात्र जीवन से ही उन्होंने भूमि आंदोलन की शुरुआत चाईबासा में  ।

💨18 वर्ष की अवस्था में जंगल आंदोलन चक्रधरपुर  में ।

💨1895 ईस्वी में प्रथम बार 2 वर्ष के लिए जेल गए कारण ब्रिटिश सरकर के विरुद्ध षड़यंत्र रचने के      आरोप में।

💨3 फरवरी 1900 ईस्वी को चक्रधरपुर में गिरफ्तार कर लिए गए और दूसरी बार जेल गए ।

💨बिरसा मुंडा का 9 जून 1900 को रांची जेल में हैजे से मृत्यु  हुआ था। 

सिद्धू -कान्हू 

💨सिद्धू  मुर्मू और कान्हू मुर्मू  का जन्म भोगनाडीह नामक ग्राम में एक संथाल आदिवासी परिवार में हुआ था, जो कि वर्त्तमान में  झारखण्ड के साहेबगंज जिला के बरहेट प्रखंड में है।इनके दो और भाई चाँद मुर्मू, भैरव मुर्मू और दो बहनें  फूलो मुर्मू और झानो मुर्मू थीं ।

💨सिद्धू  मुर्मू का जन्म 1815 ईस्वी में हुआ था 

💨कान्हू  मुर्मू का जन्म 1820 ईस्वी में हुआ था।

💨चाँद  मुर्मू का जन्म 1825 ईस्वी में हुआ था।

💨भैरव मुर्मू का जन्म 1835 ईस्वी में हुआ था।

💨सिद्धू मुर्मू और कान्हू मुर्मू ने ब्रिटिश सत्ता, साहूकारों ,व्यापारियों व जमींदारों के खिलाफ(1855-1856 ) में एक विद्रोह आंरभ किये जिसे संथाल विद्रोह (हूल विद्रोह ) के नाम से प्रसिद्ध हुआ । 

💨30 जून 1855 ईस्वी को अंग्रेज जनरल लॉयड के नेतृत्व में अंग्रेजों और संथालों के बीच में मुठभेड़ 

 हुआ इस मुठभेड़ में संथालों की हार हुई और सिद्धू और कान्हू को फाँसी दे  दी गयी  । 

💨सिद्धू को अंग्रेजों ने गिरफ्तार कर 1855 में पंचकठियाँ नामक स्थान पर बरगद पेड़ पर फाँसी दिया गया था।जो आज भी शहीद स्मारक के रूप में  है । 

💨कान्हू मुर्मू को भोगनाडीह में फाँसी दे दी गयी थी । हर  साल  यहाँ 30 जून को हुल दिवस पर वीर शहीद सिद्धू मुर्मू और कान्हू मुर्मू को याद किया जाता है । 

💨कार्ल मार्क ने इस विद्रोह को "भारत का प्रथम जनक्रान्ति कहा था । 

बुद्धू भगत (1792 -1832)

💨बुद्धू भगत का जन्म 17 फरवरी 1792 को राँची जिले के चान्हो प्रखंड के सिल्ली गाँव के उरांव परिवार में हुआ था। 

💨कोल विद्रोह (1831 -1832) के प्रमुख नेता में से एक थे । 

💨भारतीय एजेंटों और अंग्रेजों के अत्याचारों के विरुद्ध विद्रोह किये थे ।

💨बुद्धू भगत को पकड़ने के लिए ब्रिटिश सरकार ने 1000 रूपये का इनाम रखा था । 

💨14 फरवरी 1832 को बुद्धू भगत अपने भाई ,बेटे भतीजे और 150 साथियों के साथ मरे गये । 

 पांडेय गणपत राय (1809 -1858) 

💨पांडेय गणपत राय का जन्म 17 फ़रवरी 1809 को लोहरदगा जिला के भंडरा प्रखंड के भौरां गाँव में हुआ था। 

💨1857 की क्रांति में विद्रोही सैनिकों दल का नेतृत्व गणपत राय और राजा विश्वनाथ शाहदेव ने    किया । 

💨अंग्रेजों के दमन से बचने के लिए लोहरदगा के जंगलों में छिपकर सरकर के विरुद्ध छापामार 

युद्ध जारी रखा । 

💨21 अप्रैल1858 ईस्वी को राँची के जिला स्कूल गेट पर उसी कदंब पेड़ से लटका कर पांडेय गणपत राय को फाँसी दे दी गयी जिस पर ठाकुर विश्वनाथ शाही को फाँसी दे दी गयी थी। 

 ठाकुर विश्वनाथ शाही (1817-1858)

💨 ठाकुर विश्वनाथ शाही का जन्म 12 अगस्त 1817 ईस्वी को बड़कागढ़ की राजधानी सतरंगी में हुआ था ।

💨1857 की क्रांति में विद्रोही सैनिकों दल का नेतृत्व गणपत राय और राजा विश्वनाथ शाहदेव ने किया । 

💨अंग्रेजों के दमन से बचने के लिए लोहरदगा के जंगलों में छिपकर सरकर के विरुद्ध छापामार युद्ध जारी रखा । 

💨16 अप्रैल1858 ईस्वी को राँची के जिला स्कूल गेट पर उसी कदंब पेड़ से लटका कर ठाकुर विश्वनाथ   शाही को फाँसी दे दी गयी थी जिस पर  पांडेय गणपत राय को फाँसी दे दी गयी । 

नीलाम्बर -पीताम्बर 

 

💨नीलाम्बर-पीताम्बर का जन्म गढ़वा जिला के चेमो सनया गाँव में हुआ था ।

💨दोनों भाइयों ने मिलकर पलामू से 1857 ईस्वी का विद्रोह संभाला था।

भोक्ता बंधू गोरिल्ला युद्ध में निपुण थे,डाल्टन के द्वारा नीलाम्बर पीताम्बर की गिरफ्तारी हुआ और बिना मुकदमा चलाये ही 28 मार्च 1859 को लिस्लीगंज में फाँसी दे दी गयी ।

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Indian Economy: Key highlights of Economic Survey 2020

Economic Survey 2020: Key highlights of Economic Survey English

Finance Minister, Nirmala Sitharaman presented Economic Survey 2019-20 in the Parliament today (31 January 2020). This year’s Economic survey is being prepared by the Chief Economic Advisor, Krishnamurthy V Subramanian.

The theme for the Economic Survey 2020 is Theme: Wealth Creation, Promotion of pro-business policies, strengthening of trust in the economy.

The report will be followed by a press conference where the Chief Economic Advisor and his team will discuss the economic roadmap for the next fiscal. It is a review of the developments in the country’s economy over the previous year. It presents a summary of the performance of the government’s major development programs undertaken during that period. It also details the main policy initiatives of the government.

Here are the key highlights from the Economic Survey 2019-20:

• Forecasts India’s economic growth at between 6 to 6.5% for the fiscal year starting April.
• ‘Assemble in India for the world’ which will create jobs.
• India’s GDP growth moderated to 4.8 % in H1 of 2019-20, amidst a weak environment for global manufacturing, trade, and demand.
• Current Account Deficit (CAD) narrowed to 1.5 % of GDP in H1 of 2019-20 from 2.1 % in 2018-19.
• Announcing the National Infrastructure Pipeline 2019-2025.
• Easing of credit, particularly for the stressed real estate and NBFC sectors.
• The Survey noted, the two Schemes, Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana- Gramin (PMAY-G) and Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana- Urban (PMAY-U), seek to achieve the target of housing for all by 2022. Under PMAY-G, the number of houses completed in a year increased by more than four times, from 11.95 lakh in 2014-15 to 47.33 lakh in 2018-19.
• Speeding up the insolvency resolution process under Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC).
• Revenue Receipts registered a higher growth during the first eight months of 2019-20, compared to the same period last year, led by considerable growth in Non-Tax revenue.
• Gross GST monthly collections have crossed the mark of Rs. 1 lakh crore for a total of five times during 2019-20 (up to December 2019).
• Measures to ease the implementation of GST.
• Fiscal deficit of states within the targets set out by the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act (FRBM Act).
• The survey notes that the General Government (Centre plus states) has been on the path of fiscal consolidation.
• India’s BoP position improved from US$ 412.9 bn of forex reserves in end-March, 2019 to US$ 433.7 bn at the end of September 2019.
• Current account deficit (CAD) narrowed from 2.1% in 2018-19 to 1.5% of GDP in H1 of 2019-20.
• Foreign reserves stood at US$ 461.2 bn as of 10th January 2020.
• India’s top five trading partners continue to be the USA, China, UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Hong Kong.
• India’s imports continue to be the largest from China, followed by the USA, UAE, and Saudi Arabia.
• Merchandise imports to GDP ratio declined for India, entailing a net positive impact on BoP.
• Under trade facilitation, India improved its ranking from 143 in 2016 to 68 in 2019 under the indicator, “Trading across Borders”, monitored by the World Bank in its Ease of Doing Business Report.
• Currently estimated to be around US$ 160 billion. Expected to touch US$ 215 billion by 2020.
• Net FDI inflows continued to be buoyant in 2019-20 attracting US$ 24.4 bn in the first eight months, higher than the corresponding period of 2018-19.
• Net FPI in the first eight months of 2019-20 stood at US$ 12.6 bn.
• Remained accommodative in 2019-20. Repo rate was cut by 110 basis points in four consecutive MPC meetings in the financial year due to slower growth and lower inflation.
• Increased slightly for the Non-Banking Financial Corporations (NBFCs) from 6.1% in March 2019 to 6.3% in September 2019.
• Bank Credit growth (YoY) moderated from 12.9% in April 2019 to 7.1% as of December 20, 2019.
• Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation increased from 3.7 percent in 2018-19 (April to December 2018) to 4.1 percent in 2019-20 (April to December 2019).
• WPI inflation fell from 4.7 percent in 2018-19 (April to December 2018) to 1.5 percent during 2019-20 (April to December 2019).
• India moving forward on the path of SDG implementation through well-designed initiatives.
• India hosted COP-14 to UNCCD which adopted the Delhi Declaration: Investing in Land and Unlocking Opportunities. Increasing and has reached 80.73 million hectares. 24.56 % of the geographical area of the country.
• ‘Enabler’ by institutionalizing 30 Fellowships from the Member countries.
• ‘Facilitator’ by getting the lines of credit worth US$ 2 Billion from EXIM Bank of India and 1.5 Billion from AfD, France.
• ‘Incubator’ by nurturing initiatives like the Solar Risk Mitigation Initiative.
• ‘Accelerator’ by developing tools to aggregate demand for 1000 MW solar and 2.7 lakh solar water pumps.
• The share of agriculture and allied sectors in the total Gross Value Added (GVA) of the country has been continuously declining on account of relatively higher growth performance of non-agricultural sectors, a natural outcome of the development process.
• GVA at Basic Prices for 2019-20 from ‘Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing’ sector is estimated to grow by 2.8 %.
• Food Processing Industries sector has been growing:
• Average Annual Growth Rate (AAGR) of around 5.06 %
• The industrial sector as per the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) registered a growth of 0.6 percent in 2019-20 (April-November) as compared to 5.0 % during 2018-19 (April-November).
• The installed capacity of power generation has increased to 3, 64,960 MW as on October 31, 2019, from 3, 56,100 MW as on March 31, 2019.
• The Task Force on National Infrastructure Pipeline released on 31.12.2019 has projected total infrastructure investment of Rs. 102 lakh crore during the period FY 2020 to 2025 in India.
• About 55 % of the total size of the economy and Gross value added (GVA) growth.
• Two-thirds of the total FDI inflows into India. About 38% of the total exports.
• More than 50% of GVA in 15 out of the 33 states and UTs.
• FDI into the services sector has witnessed a recovery in early 2019-20.
• The expenditure on social services (health, education, and others) by the Centre and States as a proportion of GDP increased from 6.2 % in 2014-15 to 7.7 % in 2019-20 (BE).
• Gross Enrolment Ratio at secondary, higher secondary and higher education level needs to be improved.
• Mission Indradhanush has vaccinated 3.39 crore children and 87.18 lakh pregnant women of 680 districts across the country.
• Around 60 % of the productive age (15-59) group engaged in full-time domestic duties.
• A 10 Year Rural Sanitation Strategy (2019-2029) launched to focus on sustaining the sanitation behavior change and increasing access to solid and liquid waste management.
• Eliminate policies that undermine markets through government intervention even where it is not necessary to enable trade for job creation efficiently scale up the banking sector to be proportionate to the size of the Indian economy.
• The exponential rise in India’s GDP and GDP per capita post-liberalization coincides with wealth generation.
• The survey shows that the liberalized sectors grew significantly faster than the closed ones.
• Introducing the idea of trust as a public good, which gets enhanced with greater use.
• Entrepreneurship as a strategy to fuel productivity growth and wealth creation.
• India ranks 3rd in a number of new firms created, as per the World Bank.
• 12.2 % cumulative annual growth rate of new firms in the formal sector during 2014-18, compared to 3.8 % during 2006-2014.
• A 10 % increase in registration of new firms in a district yields a 1.8 % increase in Gross Domestic District Product (GDDP).
• Literacy and education in a district foster local entrepreneurship significantly.
• The impact is most pronounced when literacy is above 70 percent.
• The new firm formation is the lowest in eastern India with the lowest literacy rate (59.6 % as per the 2011 Census).
• Promoting a ‘pro-business’ policy that unleashes the power of competitive markets to generate wealth.
• The “Startup India” campaign of the Government of India recognizes entrepreneurship as an increasingly important strategy to fuel productivity growth and wealth creation in India.
• The frequent and unpredictable imposition of blanket stock limits on commodities under the Essential Commodities Act (ECA) neither brings down prices nor reduces price volatility. Around 76000 raids under ECA were conducted during 2019.
• The regulation of prices of drugs through the Drug Price Control Orders DPCO 2013, has led to an increase in the price of a regulated pharmaceutical drug vis-à-vis that of a similar drug whose price is not regulated.
• Government policies in the foodgrain markets have led to the emergence of Government as the largest procurer and hoarder of foodgrains.
• Analysis of debt waivers given by States/Centre shows that full waiver beneficiaries consume less, save less, invest less, and are less productive after the waiver when compared to the partial beneficiaries.
• “Assemble in India for the world” into Make in India, India can create 4 crore well-paid jobs by 2025 and 8 crores by 2030.
• Exports of network products, which is expected to equal $7 trillion worldwide in 2025, can contribute a quarter of the increase in value-added for the $5 trillion economies by 2025.
• India has risen significantly in the World Bank’s Doing Business rankings in recent years, but there are categories where it lags behind – Starting a Business, Registering Property, Paying Taxes, and Enforcing Contracts.
• In 2019, India completed the 50th anniversary of bank nationalization. Accomplishments of lakhs of Public Sector Banks (PSBs) employees cherished and an objective assessment of PSBs suggested by the Survey.
• India has only one bank in the global top 100: the same as countries that are a fraction of its size: Finland (about 1/11th), Denmark (1/8th), etc.
• The survey investigates the key drivers of Rollover Risk of the shadow banking system in India in light of the current liquidity crunch in the sector.
• Raise its export market share to about 3.5 % by 2025 and 6 % by 2030. Create 4 crore well-paid jobs by 2025 and 8 crores by 2030.
• Exports of network products can provide one-quarter of the increase in value-added required for making India a $5 trillion economy by 2025.
• A jump of 79 positions to 63 in 2019 from 142 in 2014 in World Bank’s Doing Business rankings.
• The turnaround time of ships in India has almost halved to 2.48 days in 2018-19 from 4.67 days in 2010-11.
• The survey examines the realized efficiency gains from privatization in the Indian context and bolsters the case for aggressive disinvestment of CPSEs. Strategic disinvestment of the Government’s shareholding of 53.29 percent in BPCL led to an increase of around Rs. 33,000 crores in national wealth.
• The survey examines the realized efficiency gains from privatization in the Indian context and bolsters the case for aggressive disinvestment of CPSEs.
• Models that incorrectly over-estimate GDP growth by 2.7 % for India post-2011 also misestimate GDP growth over the same period for 51 out of 95 countries in the sample.
• An attempt to quantify what a common person pays for a Thali across India. A shift in the dynamics of Thali prices since 2015-16.
• Rationalization of Government Intervention to Boost Economic Freedom & Wealth Creation required.

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